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Immune cell profiling of COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage by single-cell sequencing

Hussin A. Rothana, Siddappa N. Byrareddy

May 25 Immune cell profiling of COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage by single-cell sequencing

Posted at 17: 26h in COVID-19 by

Wen Wen, Wenru Su, Hao Tang, Wenqing Le, Xiaopeng Zhang, Yingfeng Zheng, Xiuxing Liu, Lihui Xie, Jianmin Li, Jinguo Ye, Liwei Dong, Xiuliang Cui1, Yushan Miao, Depeng Wang, Jiantao Dong, Chuanle Xiao, Wei Chen and Hongyang Wang

Cell Discov. 2020;6:31. Published 2020 May 4. doi:10.1038/s41421-020-0168-9

ABSTRACT

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected more than 1.200,000 people and killed more than 60.000.
Key subsets of immune cells change and their states during the course of COVID-19 remain unclear.
We sought to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the COVID-19 recovery stage using single-cell RNA sequencing technique:

  • T cells were found to be markedly decreased while monocytes were increased in patients in the early recovery stage (ERT) of COVID-19.
  • There was a higher proportion of classical CD14++ monocytes with high expression of inflammatory genes, as well as a higher abundance of IL1β+CD14++ monocytes in the ERT.
  • CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells were significantly decreased and expressed high levels of inflammatory genes in the ERS.
  • Among B cells, plasma cells increased markedly, while naïve B cells decreased.
  • Several novel B cell receptor (BCR) changes were identified, such as IGHV3-23 and IGHV3-7, and the isotypes (IGHV3-15, IGHV3-30, and IGKV3-11) previously used for vaccine development were confirmed. against the virus:
    • The strongest pairing frequencies, IGHV3-23-IGHJ4, indicated a monoclonal state associated with SARS-CoV-2 specificity, which had not yet been reported.
  • Furthermore, the integrated analysis predicted that IL-1β and M-CSF may be novel candidate target genes for inflammatory states and that TNFSF13, IL-18, IL-2, and IL-4 may be beneficial for the recovery of COVID-19 patients. .

Our study provides the first evidence of an inflammatory immune state in ESRD, suggesting that COVID-19 patients remain vulnerable after hospital discharge. Identification of new BCR signals may lead to the development of vaccines and antibodies for the treatment of COVID-19.

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